Python Standard Library Interfaces¶
The zope.interface.common
package provides interfaces for objects
distributed as part of the Python standard library. Importing these
modules (usually) has the effect of making the standard library objects
implement the correct interface.
zope.interface.common.interface¶
Interfaces for standard python exceptions
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IStandardError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IException
Interface for
StandardError
(no longer existing.)
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IWarning[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IException
Interface for
Warning
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.ISyntaxError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IStandardError
Interface for
SyntaxError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.ILookupError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IStandardError
Interface for
LookupError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IValueError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IStandardError
Interface for
ValueError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IRuntimeError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IStandardError
Interface for
RuntimeError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IArithmeticError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IStandardError
Interface for
ArithmeticError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IAssertionError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IStandardError
Interface for
AssertionError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IAttributeError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IStandardError
Interface for
AttributeError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IDeprecationWarning[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IWarning
Interface for
DeprecationWarning
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IEOFError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IStandardError
Interface for
EOFError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IEnvironmentError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IStandardError
Interface for
EnvironmentError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IFloatingPointError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IArithmeticError
Interface for
FloatingPointError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IIOError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IEnvironmentError
Interface for
IOError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IImportError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IStandardError
Interface for
ImportError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IIndentationError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.ISyntaxError
Interface for
IndentationError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IIndexError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.ILookupError
Interface for
IndexError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IKeyError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.ILookupError
Interface for
KeyError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IKeyboardInterrupt[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IStandardError
Interface for
KeyboardInterrupt
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IMemoryError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IStandardError
Interface for
MemoryError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.INameError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IStandardError
Interface for
NameError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.INotImplementedError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IRuntimeError
Interface for
NotImplementedError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IOSError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IEnvironmentError
Interface for
OSError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IOverflowError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IArithmeticError
Interface for
ArithmeticError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IOverflowWarning[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IWarning
Deprecated, no standard class implements this.
This was the interface for
OverflowWarning
prior to Python 2.5, but that class was removed for all versions after that.
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IReferenceError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IStandardError
Interface for
ReferenceError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IRuntimeWarning[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IWarning
Interface for
RuntimeWarning
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IStopIteration[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IException
Interface for
StopIteration
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.ISyntaxWarning[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IWarning
Interface for
SyntaxWarning
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.ISystemError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IStandardError
Interface for
SystemError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.ISystemExit[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IException
Interface for
SystemExit
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.ITabError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IIndentationError
Interface for
TabError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.ITypeError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IStandardError
Interface for
TypeError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IUnboundLocalError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.INameError
Interface for
UnboundLocalError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IUnicodeError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IValueError
Interface for
UnicodeError
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IUserWarning[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IWarning
Interface for
UserWarning
- interface zope.interface.common.interfaces.IZeroDivisionError[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.interfaces.IArithmeticError
Interface for
ZeroDivisionError
zope.interface.common.idatetime¶
Datetime interfaces.
This module is called idatetime because if it were called datetime the import of the real datetime would fail.
- interface zope.interface.common.idatetime.ITimeDeltaClass[source]¶
This is the timedelta class interface.
This is symbolic; this module does not make
datetime.timedelta
provide this interface.- min¶
The most negative timedelta object
- max¶
The most positive timedelta object
- resolution¶
The smallest difference between non-equal timedelta objects
- interface zope.interface.common.idatetime.ITimeDelta[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.idatetime.ITimeDeltaClass
Represent the difference between two datetime objects.
Implemented by
datetime.timedelta
.Supported operators:
add, subtract timedelta
unary plus, minus, abs
compare to timedelta
multiply, divide by int/long
In addition,
datetime
supports subtraction of twodatetime
objects returning atimedelta
, and addition or subtraction of adatetime
and atimedelta
giving adatetime
.Representation: (days, seconds, microseconds).
- days¶
Days between -999999999 and 999999999 inclusive
- seconds¶
Seconds between 0 and 86399 inclusive
- microseconds¶
Microseconds between 0 and 999999 inclusive
- interface zope.interface.common.idatetime.IDateClass[source]¶
This is the date class interface.
This is symbolic; this module does not make
datetime.date
provide this interface.- min¶
The earliest representable date
- max¶
The latest representable date
- resolution¶
The smallest difference between non-equal date objects
- today()¶
Return the current local time.
This is equivalent to
date.fromtimestamp(time.time())
- fromtimestamp(timestamp)¶
Return the local date from a POSIX timestamp (like time.time())
This may raise
ValueError
, if the timestamp is out of the range of values supported by the platform Clocaltime()
function. It’s common for this to be restricted to years from 1970 through 2038. Note that on non-POSIX systems that include leap seconds in their notion of a timestamp, leap seconds are ignored byfromtimestamp
.
- fromordinal(ordinal)¶
Return the date corresponding to the proleptic Gregorian ordinal.
January 1 of year 1 has ordinal 1.
ValueError
is raised unless 1 <= ordinal <= date.max.toordinal().For any date d,
date.fromordinal(d.toordinal()) == d
.
- interface zope.interface.common.idatetime.IDate[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.idatetime.IDateClass
Represents a date (year, month and day) in an idealized calendar.
Implemented by
datetime.date
.Operators:
__repr__, __str__ __cmp__, __hash__ __add__, __radd__, __sub__ (add/radd only with timedelta arg)
- year¶
Between MINYEAR and MAXYEAR inclusive.
- month¶
Between 1 and 12 inclusive
- day¶
Between 1 and the number of days in the given month of the given year.
- replace(year, month, day)¶
Return a date with the same value.
Except for those members given new values by whichever keyword arguments are specified.
For example, if
d == date(2002, 12, 31)
, thend.replace(day=26) == date(2000, 12, 26)
.
- timetuple()¶
Return a 9-element tuple of the form returned by
time.localtime
.The hours, minutes and seconds are 0, and the DST flag is -1.
d.timetuple()
is equivalent to(d.year, d.month, d.day, 0, 0, 0, d.weekday(), d.toordinal() - date(d.year, 1, 1).toordinal() + 1, -1)
- toordinal()¶
Return the proleptic Gregorian ordinal of the date
January 1 of year 1 has ordinal 1. For any date object d,
date.fromordinal(d.toordinal()) == d
.
- weekday()¶
Return the day of the week as an integer.
Monday is 0 and Sunday is 6. For example,
date(2002, 12, 4).weekday() == 2
, a Wednesday.See also
- isoweekday()¶
Return the day of the week as an integer.
Monday is 1 and Sunday is 7. For example, date(2002, 12, 4).isoweekday() == 3, a Wednesday.
See also
- isocalendar()¶
Return a 3-tuple, (ISO year, ISO week number, ISO weekday).
The ISO calendar is a widely used variant of the Gregorian calendar. See http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/calendar/isocalendar.htm for a good explanation.
The ISO year consists of 52 or 53 full weeks, and where a week starts on a Monday and ends on a Sunday. The first week of an ISO year is the first (Gregorian) calendar week of a year containing a Thursday. This is called week number 1, and the ISO year of that Thursday is the same as its Gregorian year.
For example, 2004 begins on a Thursday, so the first week of ISO year 2004 begins on Monday, 29 Dec 2003 and ends on Sunday, 4 Jan 2004, so that
date(2003, 12, 29).isocalendar() == (2004, 1, 1)
anddate(2004, 1, 4).isocalendar() == (2004, 1, 7)
.
- isoformat()¶
Return a string representing the date in ISO 8601 format.
This is ‘YYYY-MM-DD’. For example,
date(2002, 12, 4).isoformat() == '2002-12-04'
.
- __str__()¶
For a date d,
str(d)
is equivalent tod.isoformat()
.
- ctime()¶
Return a string representing the date.
For example date(2002, 12, 4).ctime() == ‘Wed Dec 4 00:00:00 2002’. d.ctime() is equivalent to time.ctime(time.mktime(d.timetuple())) on platforms where the native C ctime() function (which
time.ctime
invokes, but which date.ctime() does not invoke) conforms to the C standard.
- strftime(format)¶
Return a string representing the date.
Controlled by an explicit format string. Format codes referring to hours, minutes or seconds will see 0 values.
- interface zope.interface.common.idatetime.IDateTimeClass[source]¶
This is the datetime class interface.
This is symbolic; this module does not make
datetime.datetime
provide this interface.- min¶
The earliest representable datetime
- max¶
The latest representable datetime
- resolution¶
The smallest possible difference between non-equal datetime objects
- today()¶
Return the current local datetime, with tzinfo None.
This is equivalent to
datetime.fromtimestamp(time.time())
.See also
- now(tz=None)¶
Return the current local date and time.
If optional argument tz is None or not specified, this is like
today
, but, if possible, supplies more precision than can be gotten from going through atime.time
timestamp (for example, this may be possible on platforms supplying the Cgettimeofday()
function).Else tz must be an instance of a class tzinfo subclass, and the current date and time are converted to tz’s time zone. In this case the result is equivalent to tz.fromutc(datetime.utcnow().replace(tzinfo=tz)).
- utcnow()¶
Return the current UTC date and time, with tzinfo None.
This is like
now
, but returns the current UTC date and time, as a naive datetime object.See also
now
.
- fromtimestamp(timestamp, tz=None)¶
Return the local date and time corresponding to the POSIX timestamp.
Same as is returned by time.time(). If optional argument tz is None or not specified, the timestamp is converted to the platform’s local date and time, and the returned datetime object is naive.
Else tz must be an instance of a class tzinfo subclass, and the timestamp is converted to tz’s time zone. In this case the result is equivalent to
tz.fromutc(datetime.utcfromtimestamp(timestamp).replace(tzinfo=tz))
fromtimestamp() may raise
ValueError
, if the timestamp is out of the range of values supported by the platform C localtime() or gmtime() functions. It’s common for this to be restricted to years in 1970 through 2038. Note that on non-POSIX systems that include leap seconds in their notion of a timestamp, leap seconds are ignored by fromtimestamp(), and then it’s possible to have two timestamps differing by a second that yield identical datetime objects.See also
- utcfromtimestamp(timestamp)¶
Return the UTC datetime from the POSIX timestamp with tzinfo None.
This may raise
ValueError
, if the timestamp is out of the range of values supported by the platform Cgmtime()
function. It’s common for this to be restricted to years in 1970 through 2038.See also
- fromordinal(ordinal)¶
Return the datetime from the proleptic Gregorian ordinal.
January 1 of year 1 has ordinal 1.
ValueError
is raised unless 1 <= ordinal <= datetime.max.toordinal(). The hour, minute, second and microsecond of the result are all 0, and tzinfo is None.
- combine(date, time)¶
Return a new datetime object.
Its date members are equal to the given date object’s, and whose time and tzinfo members are equal to the given time object’s. For any datetime object d,
d == datetime.combine(d.date(), d.timetz())
. If date is a datetime object, its time and tzinfo members are ignored.
- interface zope.interface.common.idatetime.IDateTime[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.idatetime.IDate
,zope.interface.common.idatetime.IDateTimeClass
Contains all the information from a date object and a time object.
Implemented by
datetime.datetime
.- year¶
Year between MINYEAR and MAXYEAR inclusive
- month¶
Month between 1 and 12 inclusive
- day¶
Day between 1 and the number of days in the given month of the year
- hour¶
Hour in range(24)
- minute¶
Minute in range(60)
- second¶
Second in range(60)
- microsecond¶
Microsecond in range(1000000)
- tzinfo¶
The object passed as the tzinfo argument to the datetime constructor or None if none was passed
- date()¶
Return date object with same year, month and day.
- time()¶
Return time object with same hour, minute, second, microsecond.
tzinfo is None.
See also
Method
timetz()
.
- timetz()¶
Return time object with same hour, minute, second, microsecond, and tzinfo.
See also
Method
time()
.
- replace(year, month, day, hour, minute, second, microsecond, tzinfo)¶
Return a datetime with the same members, except for those members given new values by whichever keyword arguments are specified.
Note that
tzinfo=None
can be specified to create a naive datetime from an aware datetime with no conversion of date and time members.
- astimezone(tz)¶
Return a datetime object with new tzinfo member tz, adjusting the date and time members so the result is the same UTC time as self, but in tz’s local time.
tz must be an instance of a tzinfo subclass, and its utcoffset() and dst() methods must not return None. self must be aware (self.tzinfo must not be None, and self.utcoffset() must not return None).
If self.tzinfo is tz, self.astimezone(tz) is equal to self: no adjustment of date or time members is performed. Else the result is local time in time zone tz, representing the same UTC time as self:
after astz = dt.astimezone(tz), astz - astz.utcoffset()
will usually have the same date and time members as dt - dt.utcoffset(). The discussion of class
datetime.tzinfo
explains the cases at Daylight Saving Time transition boundaries where this cannot be achieved (an issue only if tz models both standard and daylight time).If you merely want to attach a time zone object tz to a datetime dt without adjustment of date and time members, use
dt.replace(tzinfo=tz)
.If you merely want to remove the time zone object from an aware datetime dt without conversion of date and time members, use
dt.replace(tzinfo=None)
.Note that the default
tzinfo.fromutc
method can be overridden in a tzinfo subclass to effect the result returned byastimezone
.
- utcoffset()¶
Return the timezone offset in minutes east of UTC (negative west of UTC).
- dst()¶
Return 0 if DST is not in effect, or the DST offset (in minutes eastward) if DST is in effect.
- tzname()¶
Return the timezone name.
- timetuple()¶
Return a 9-tuple of the form returned by
time.localtime
.
- utctimetuple()¶
Return UTC time tuple compatilble with
time.gmtime
.
- toordinal()¶
Return the proleptic Gregorian ordinal of the date.
The same as self.date().toordinal().
- weekday()¶
Return the day of the week as an integer.
Monday is 0 and Sunday is 6. The same as self.date().weekday(). See also isoweekday().
- isoweekday()¶
Return the day of the week as an integer.
Monday is 1 and Sunday is 7. The same as self.date().isoweekday.
See also
- isocalendar()¶
Return a 3-tuple, (ISO year, ISO week number, ISO weekday).
The same as self.date().isocalendar().
- isoformat(sep='T')¶
Return a string representing the date and time in ISO 8601 format.
YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS.mmmmmm or YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS if microsecond is 0
If
utcoffset
does not return None, a 6-character string is appended, giving the UTC offset in (signed) hours and minutes:YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS.mmmmmm+HH:MM or YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS+HH:MM if microsecond is 0.
The optional argument sep (default ‘T’) is a one-character separator, placed between the date and time portions of the result.
- __str__()¶
Convert to a stirng
For a datetime instance d,
str(d)
is equivalent tod.isoformat(' ')
.
- ctime()¶
Return a string representing the date and time.
datetime(2002, 12, 4, 20, 30, 40).ctime()
yields'Wed Dec 4 20:30:40 2002'
.d.ctime()
is equivalent totime.ctime(time.mktime(d.timetuple()))
on platforms where the native Cctime()
function (whichtime.ctime
invokes, but whichdatetime.ctime
does not invoke) conforms to the C standard.
- strftime(format)¶
Return a string representing the date and time.
This is controlled by an explicit format string.
- interface zope.interface.common.idatetime.ITimeClass[source]¶
This is the time class interface.
This is symbolic; this module does not make
datetime.time
provide this interface.- min¶
The earliest representable time
- max¶
The latest representable time
- resolution¶
The smallest possible difference between non-equal time objects
- interface zope.interface.common.idatetime.ITime[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.idatetime.ITimeClass
Represent time with time zone.
Implemented by
datetime.time
.Operators:
__repr__, __str__ __cmp__, __hash__
- hour¶
Hour in range(24)
- minute¶
Minute in range(60)
- second¶
Second in range(60)
- microsecond¶
Microsecond in range(1000000)
- tzinfo¶
The object passed as the tzinfo argument to the time constructor or None if none was passed.
- replace(hour, minute, second, microsecond, tzinfo)¶
Return a time with the same value.
Except for those members given new values by whichever keyword arguments are specified. Note that tzinfo=None can be specified to create a naive time from an aware time, without conversion of the time members.
- isoformat()¶
Return a string representing the time in ISO 8601 format.
That is HH:MM:SS.mmmmmm or, if self.microsecond is 0, HH:MM:SS If utcoffset() does not return None, a 6-character string is appended, giving the UTC offset in (signed) hours and minutes: HH:MM:SS.mmmmmm+HH:MM or, if self.microsecond is 0, HH:MM:SS+HH:MM
- __str__()¶
For a time t, str(t) is equivalent to t.isoformat().
- strftime(format)¶
Return a string representing the time.
This is controlled by an explicit format string.
- utcoffset()¶
Return the timezone offset in minutes east of UTC (negative west of UTC).
If tzinfo is None, returns None, else returns self.tzinfo.utcoffset(None), and raises an exception if the latter doesn’t return None or a timedelta object representing a whole number of minutes with magnitude less than one day.
- dst()¶
Return 0 if DST is not in effect, or the DST offset (in minutes eastward) if DST is in effect.
If tzinfo is None, returns None, else returns self.tzinfo.dst(None), and raises an exception if the latter doesn’t return None, or a timedelta object representing a whole number of minutes with magnitude less than one day.
- tzname()¶
Return the timezone name.
If tzinfo is None, returns None, else returns self.tzinfo.tzname(None), or raises an exception if the latter doesn’t return None or a string object.
- interface zope.interface.common.idatetime.ITZInfo[source]¶
Time zone info class.
- utcoffset(dt)¶
Return offset of local time from UTC, in minutes east of UTC.
If local time is west of UTC, this should be negative. Note that this is intended to be the total offset from UTC; for example, if a tzinfo object represents both time zone and DST adjustments, utcoffset() should return their sum. If the UTC offset isn’t known, return None. Else the value returned must be a timedelta object specifying a whole number of minutes in the range -1439 to 1439 inclusive (1440 = 24*60; the magnitude of the offset must be less than one day).
- dst(dt)¶
Return the daylight saving time (DST) adjustment, in minutes east of UTC, or None if DST information isn’t known.
- tzname(dt)¶
Return the time zone name corresponding to the datetime object as a string.
- fromutc(dt)¶
Return an equivalent datetime in self’s local time.
zope.interface.common.collections¶
Interface definitions paralleling the abstract base classes defined in
collections.abc
.
After this module is imported, the standard library types will declare that
they implement the appropriate interface. While most standard library types
will properly implement that interface (that is, verifyObject(ISequence,
list()))
will pass, for example), a few might not:
memoryview
doesn’t feature all the defined methods ofISequence
such ascount
; it is still declared to provideISequence
though.
collections.deque.pop
doesn’t accept theindex
argument ofcollections.abc.MutableSequence.pop
range.index
does not accept thestart
andstop
arguments.
Added in version 5.0.0.
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.IAsyncGenerator[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.IAsyncIterator
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.AsyncGenerator
.Known implementations are:
async_generator
- __anext__()¶
Return the next item from the asynchronous generator. When exhausted, raise StopAsyncIteration.
- asend(value)¶
Send a value into the asynchronous generator. Return next yielded value or raise StopAsyncIteration.
- athrow(typ, val=None, tb=None)¶
Raise an exception in the asynchronous generator. Return next yielded value or raise StopAsyncIteration.
- aclose()¶
Raise GeneratorExit inside coroutine.
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.IAsyncIterable[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.ABCInterface
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.AsyncIterable
.- __aiter__()¶
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.IAsyncIterator[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.IAsyncIterable
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.AsyncIterator
.- __anext__()¶
Return the next item or raise StopAsyncIteration when exhausted.
- __aiter__()¶
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.IAwaitable[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.ABCInterface
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.Awaitable
.- __await__()¶
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.ICollection[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.ISized
,zope.interface.common.collections.IIterable
,zope.interface.common.collections.IContainer
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.Collection
.
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.IContainer[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.ABCInterface
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.Container
.- The following methods are optional:
__contains__
Optional method. If not provided, the interpreter will use
__iter__
or the old__getitem__
protocol to implementin
.
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.ICoroutine[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.IAwaitable
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.Coroutine
.Known implementations are:
coroutine
- send(value)¶
Send a value into the coroutine. Return next yielded value or raise StopIteration.
- throw(typ, val=None, tb=None)¶
Raise an exception in the coroutine. Return next yielded value or raise StopIteration.
- close()¶
Raise GeneratorExit inside coroutine.
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.IGenerator[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.IIterator
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.Generator
.Known implementations are:
generator
- __next__()¶
Return the next item from the generator. When exhausted, raise StopIteration.
- send(value)¶
Send a value into the generator. Return next yielded value or raise StopIteration.
- throw(typ, val=None, tb=None)¶
Raise an exception in the generator. Return next yielded value or raise StopIteration.
- close()¶
Raise GeneratorExit inside generator.
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.IHashable[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.ABCInterface
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.Hashable
.- __hash__()¶
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.IItemsView[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.IMappingView
,zope.interface.common.collections.ISet
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.ItemsView
.Known implementations are:
dict_items
- __contains__(item)¶
- __iter__()¶
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.IIterable[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.ABCInterface
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.Iterable
.- The following methods are optional:
__iter__
Optional method. If not provided, the interpreter will implement
iter
using the old__getitem__
protocol.
Known implementations are:
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.IIterator[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.IIterable
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.Iterator
.Known implementations are:
bytearray_iterator
bytes_iterator
dict_itemiterator
dict_keyiterator
dict_valueiterator
list_iterator
list_reverseiterator
longrange_iterator
range_iterator
set_iterator
str_ascii_iterator
tuple_iterator
- __next__()¶
Return the next item from the iterator. When exhausted, raise StopIteration
- __iter__()¶
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.IKeysView[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.IMappingView
,zope.interface.common.collections.ISet
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.KeysView
.Known implementations are:
dict_keys
- __contains__(key)¶
- __iter__()¶
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.IMapping[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.ICollection
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.Mapping
.A Mapping is a generic container for associating key/value
Known implementations are:
jinja2.runtime.Context
mappingproxy
requests.structures.CaseInsensitiveDict
urllib3._collections.HTTPHeaderDict
- __getitem__(key)¶
- get(key, default=None)¶
D.get(k[,d]) -> D[k] if k in D, else d. d defaults to None.
- __contains__(key)¶
- keys()¶
D.keys() -> a set-like object providing a view on D’s keys
- items()¶
D.items() -> a set-like object providing a view on D’s items
- values()¶
D.values() -> an object providing a view on D’s values
- __eq__(other)¶
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.IMappingView[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.ISized
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.MappingView
.- __init__(mapping)¶
- __len__()¶
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.IMutableMapping[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.IMapping
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.MutableMapping
.A MutableMapping is a generic container for associating
Known implementations are:
jinja2.utils.LRUCache
- __setitem__(key, value)¶
- __delitem__(key)¶
- pop(key, default=<object object at 0x7f425a558150>)¶
D.pop(k[,d]) -> v, remove specified key and return the corresponding value. If key is not found, d is returned if given, otherwise KeyError is raised.
- popitem()¶
D.popitem() -> (k, v), remove and return some (key, value) pair as a 2-tuple; but raise KeyError if D is empty.
- clear()¶
D.clear() -> None. Remove all items from D.
- update(other=(), **kwds)¶
D.update([E, ]**F) -> None. Update D from mapping/iterable E and F. If E present and has a .keys() method, does: for k in E: D[k] = E[k] If E present and lacks .keys() method, does: for (k, v) in E: D[k] = v In either case, this is followed by: for k, v in F.items(): D[k] = v
- setdefault(key, default=None)¶
D.setdefault(k[,d]) -> D.get(k,d), also set D[k]=d if k not in D
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.IMutableSequence[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.ISequence
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.MutableSequence
.All the operations on a read-write sequence.
Known implementations are:
- __setitem__(index, value)¶
- __delitem__(index)¶
- insert(index, value)¶
S.insert(index, value) – insert value before index
- append(value)¶
S.append(value) – append value to the end of the sequence
- clear()¶
S.clear() -> None – remove all items from S
- reverse()¶
S.reverse() – reverse IN PLACE
- extend(values)¶
S.extend(iterable) – extend sequence by appending elements from the iterable
- pop(index=-1)¶
S.pop([index]) -> item – remove and return item at index (default last). Raise IndexError if list is empty or index is out of range.
- remove(value)¶
S.remove(value) – remove first occurrence of value. Raise ValueError if the value is not present.
- __iadd__(values)¶
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.IMutableSet[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.ISet
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.MutableSet
.A mutable set is a finite, iterable container.
Known implementations are:
_weakrefset.WeakSet
- add(value)¶
Add an element.
- discard(value)¶
Remove an element. Do not raise an exception if absent.
- remove(value)¶
Remove an element. If not a member, raise a KeyError.
- pop()¶
Return the popped value. Raise KeyError if empty.
- clear()¶
This is slow (creates N new iterators!) but effective.
- __ior__(it)¶
- __iand__(it)¶
- __ixor__(it)¶
- __isub__(it)¶
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.IReversible[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.IIterable
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.Reversible
.- The following methods are optional:
__reversed__
Optional method. If this isn’t present, the interpreter will use
__len__
and__getitem__
to implement thereversed
builtin.
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.ISequence[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.IReversible
,zope.interface.common.collections.ICollection
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.Sequence
.All the operations on a read-only sequence.
- The following methods are optional:
__reversed__
Optional method. If this isn’t present, the interpreter will use
__len__
and__getitem__
to implement thereversed
builtin.
-__iter__
Optional method. If not provided, the interpreter will implement
iter
using the old__getitem__
protocol.Known implementations are:
- __getitem__(index)¶
- __contains__(value)¶
- index(value, start=0, stop=None)¶
S.index(value, [start, [stop]]) -> integer – return first index of value. Raises ValueError if the value is not present.
Supporting start and stop arguments is optional, but recommended.
- count(value)¶
S.count(value) -> integer – return number of occurrences of value
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.ISet[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.ICollection
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.Set
.A set is a finite, iterable container.
Known implementations are:
- __le__(other)¶
- __lt__(other)¶
- __gt__(other)¶
- __ge__(other)¶
- __eq__(other)¶
- __and__(other)¶
- isdisjoint(other)¶
Return True if two sets have a null intersection.
- __or__(other)¶
- __sub__(other)¶
- __xor__(other)¶
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.ISized[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.ABCInterface
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.Sized
.- __len__()¶
- interface zope.interface.common.collections.IValuesView[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.IMappingView
,zope.interface.common.collections.ICollection
Interface for the ABC
collections.abc.ValuesView
.- The following methods are optional:
__contains__
Optional method. If not provided, the interpreter will use
__iter__
or the old__len__
and__getitem__
protocol to implementin
.
Known implementations are:
dict_values
- __iter__()¶
zope.interface.common.numbers¶
Interface definitions paralleling the abstract base classes defined in
numbers
.
After this module is imported, the standard library types will declare that they implement the appropriate interface.
Added in version 5.0.0.
- interface zope.interface.common.numbers.INumber[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.ABCInterface
Interface for the ABC
numbers.Number
.All numbers inherit from this class.
Known implementations are:
- interface zope.interface.common.numbers.IComplex[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.numbers.INumber
Interface for the ABC
numbers.Complex
.Complex defines the operations that work on the builtin complex type.
- The following methods are optional:
__complex__
Rarely implemented, even in builtin types.
Known implementations are:
- __bool__()¶
True if self != 0. Called for bool(self).
- __add__(other)¶
self + other
- __neg__()¶
-self
- __pos__()¶
+self
- __sub__(other)¶
self - other
- __mul__(other)¶
self * other
- __truediv__(other)¶
self / other: Should promote to float when necessary.
- __pow__(exponent)¶
self**exponent; should promote to float or complex when necessary.
- __abs__()¶
Returns the Real distance from 0. Called for abs(self).
- conjugate()¶
(x+y*i).conjugate() returns (x-y*i).
- __eq__(other)¶
self == other
- interface zope.interface.common.numbers.IReal[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.numbers.IComplex
Interface for the ABC
numbers.Real
.To Complex, Real adds the operations that work on real numbers.
- The following methods are optional:
__complex__
Rarely implemented, even in builtin types.
-__floor__
Rarely implemented, even in builtin types.
-__ceil__
Rarely implemented, even in builtin types.
Known implementations are:
- __float__()¶
Any Real can be converted to a native float object.
Called for float(self).
- __trunc__()¶
trunc(self): Truncates self to an Integral.
- Returns an Integral i such that:
i>0 iff self>0;
abs(i) <= abs(self);
for any Integral j satisfying the first two conditions, abs(i) >= abs(j) [i.e. i has “maximal” abs among those].
i.e. “truncate towards 0”.
- __divmod__(other)¶
divmod(self, other): The pair (self // other, self % other).
Sometimes this can be computed faster than the pair of operations.
- __floordiv__(other)¶
self // other: The floor() of self/other.
- __mod__(other)¶
self % other
- __lt__(other)¶
self < other
< on Reals defines a total ordering, except perhaps for NaN.
- __le__(other)¶
self <= other
- conjugate()¶
Conjugate is a no-op for Reals.
- interface zope.interface.common.numbers.IRational[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.numbers.IReal
Interface for the ABC
numbers.Rational
..numerator and .denominator should be in lowest terms.
- __float__()¶
float(self) = self.numerator / self.denominator
It’s important that this conversion use the integer’s “true” division rather than casting one side to float before dividing so that ratios of huge integers convert without overflowing.
- interface zope.interface.common.numbers.IIntegral[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.numbers.IRational
Interface for the ABC
numbers.Integral
.Integral adds methods that work on integral numbers.
Known implementations are:
- __int__()¶
int(self)
- __index__()¶
Called whenever an index is needed, such as in slicing
- __pow__(exponent, modulus=None)¶
self ** exponent % modulus, but maybe faster.
Accept the modulus argument if you want to support the 3-argument version of pow(). Raise a TypeError if exponent < 0 or any argument isn’t Integral. Otherwise, just implement the 2-argument version described in Complex.
- __lshift__(other)¶
self << other
- __and__(other)¶
self & other
- __xor__(other)¶
self ^ other
- __or__(other)¶
self | other
- __invert__()¶
~self
- __float__()¶
float(self) == float(int(self))
zope.interface.common.builtins¶
Interface definitions for builtin types.
After this module is imported, the standard library types will declare that they implement the appropriate interface.
Added in version 5.0.0.
- interface zope.interface.common.builtins.IList[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.IMutableSequence
Interface for
list
- sort(key=None, reverse=False)¶
Sort the list in place and return None.
key and reverse must be passed by name only.
- interface zope.interface.common.builtins.ITuple[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.ISequence
Interface for
tuple
- interface zope.interface.common.builtins.ITextString[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.ISequence
Interface for text (“unicode”) strings.
This is
str
- interface zope.interface.common.builtins.IByteString[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.IByteString
Interface for immutable byte strings.
On all Python versions this is
bytes
.Unlike
zope.interface.common.collections.IByteString
(the parent of this interface) this does not includebytearray
.
- interface zope.interface.common.builtins.INativeString[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.builtins.ITextString
Interface for native strings.
On all Python versions, this is
str
. Tt extendsITextString
.
- interface zope.interface.common.builtins.IBool[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.numbers.IIntegral
Interface for
bool
- interface zope.interface.common.builtins.IDict[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.IMutableMapping
Interface for
dict
- interface zope.interface.common.builtins.IFile[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.io.IIOBase
Interface for
file
.It is recommended to use the interfaces from
zope.interface.common.io
instead of this interface.On Python 3, there is no single implementation of this interface; depending on the arguments, the
open()
builtin can return many different classes that implement different interfaces fromzope.interface.common.io
.
zope.interface.common.io¶
Interface definitions paralleling the abstract base classes defined in
io
.
After this module is imported, the standard library types will declare that they implement the appropriate interface.
Added in version 5.0.0.
- interface zope.interface.common.io.IIOBase[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.ABCInterface
Interface for the ABC
io.IOBase
.The abstract base class for all I/O classes.
- interface zope.interface.common.io.IRawIOBase[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.io.IIOBase
Interface for the ABC
io.RawIOBase
.Base class for raw binary I/O.
Known implementations are:
- interface zope.interface.common.io.IBufferedIOBase[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.io.IIOBase
Interface for the ABC
io.BufferedIOBase
.Base class for buffered IO objects.
Known implementations are:
- interface zope.interface.common.io.ITextIOBase[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.io.IIOBase
Interface for the ABC
io.TextIOBase
.Base class for text I/O.
Known implementations are:
zope.interface.common.mapping¶
Mapping Interfaces.
Importing this module does not mark any standard classes as implementing any of these interfaces.
While this module is not deprecated, new code should generally use
zope.interface.common.collections
, specifically
IMapping
and
IMutableMapping
. This
module is occasionally useful for its extremely fine grained breakdown
of interfaces.
The standard library dict
and collections.UserDict
implement IMutableMapping
, but do not implement any of the
interfaces in this module.
- interface zope.interface.common.mapping.IReadMapping[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.IContainer
,zope.interface.common.mapping.IItemMapping
Basic mapping interface.
Changed in version 5.0.0: Extend
IContainer
- get(key, default=None)¶
Get a value for a key
The default is returned if there is no value for the key.
- __contains__(key)¶
Tell if a key exists in the mapping.
- interface zope.interface.common.mapping.IWriteMapping[source]¶
Mapping methods for changing data
- __delitem__(key)¶
Delete a value from the mapping using the key.
- __setitem__(key, value)¶
Set a new item in the mapping.
- interface zope.interface.common.mapping.IEnumerableMapping[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.ISized
,zope.interface.common.mapping.IReadMapping
Mapping objects whose items can be enumerated.
Changed in version 5.0.0: Extend
ISized
- keys()¶
Return the keys of the mapping object.
- __iter__()¶
Return an iterator for the keys of the mapping object.
- values()¶
Return the values of the mapping object.
- items()¶
Return the items of the mapping object.
- interface zope.interface.common.mapping.IMapping[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.mapping.IWriteMapping
,zope.interface.common.mapping.IEnumerableMapping
Simple mapping interface
- interface zope.interface.common.mapping.IIterableMapping[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.mapping.IEnumerableMapping
A mapping that has distinct methods for iterating without copying.
- interface zope.interface.common.mapping.IClonableMapping[source]¶
Something that can produce a copy of itself.
This is available in
dict
.- copy()¶
return copy of dict
- interface zope.interface.common.mapping.IExtendedReadMapping[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.mapping.IIterableMapping
Something with a particular method equivalent to
__contains__
.On Python 2,
dict
provided thehas_key
method, but it was removed in Python 3.
- interface zope.interface.common.mapping.IExtendedWriteMapping[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.mapping.IWriteMapping
Additional mutation methods.
These are all provided by
dict
.- clear()¶
delete all items
- update(d)¶
Update D from E: for k in E.keys(): D[k] = E[k]
- setdefault(key, default=None)¶
D.setdefault(k[,d]) -> D.get(k,d), also set D[k]=d if k not in D
- pop(k, default=None)¶
pop(k[,default]) -> value
Remove specified key and return the corresponding value.
If key is not found, default is returned if given, otherwise
KeyError
is raised. Note that default must not be passed by name.
- popitem()¶
remove and return some (key, value) pair as a 2-tuple; but raise KeyError if mapping is empty
- interface zope.interface.common.mapping.IFullMapping[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.IMutableMapping
,zope.interface.common.mapping.IExtendedReadMapping
,zope.interface.common.mapping.IExtendedWriteMapping
,zope.interface.common.mapping.IClonableMapping
,zope.interface.common.mapping.IMapping
Full mapping interface.
Most uses of this interface should instead use
IMutableMapping
(one of the bases of this interface). The required methods are the same.Changed in version 5.0.0: Extend
IMutableMapping
zope.interface.common.sequence¶
Sequence Interfaces
Importing this module does not mark any standard classes as implementing any of these interfaces.
While this module is not deprecated, new code should generally use
zope.interface.common.collections
, specifically
ISequence
and
IMutableSequence
. This
module is occasionally useful for its fine-grained breakdown of interfaces.
The standard library list
, tuple
and
collections.UserList
, among others, implement ISequence
or IMutableSequence
but do not implement any of the interfaces
in this module.
- interface zope.interface.common.sequence.IMinimalSequence[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.IIterable
Most basic sequence interface.
All sequences are iterable. This requires at least one of the following:
a
__getitem__()
method that takes a single argument; integer values starting at 0 must be supported, andIndexError
should be raised for the first index for which there is no value, oran
__iter__()
method that returns an iterator as defined in the Python documentation (http://docs.python.org/lib/typeiter.html).
- __getitem__(index)¶
x.__getitem__(index) <==> x[index]
Declaring this interface does not specify whether
__getitem__
supports slice objects.
- interface zope.interface.common.sequence.IFiniteSequence[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.ISized
,zope.interface.common.sequence.IMinimalSequence
A sequence of bound size.
Changed in version 5.0.0: Extend
ISized
- interface zope.interface.common.sequence.IReadSequence[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.collections.IContainer
,zope.interface.common.sequence.IFiniteSequence
read interface shared by tuple and list
This interface is similar to
ISequence
, but requires that all instances be totally ordered. Most users should preferISequence
.Changed in version 5.0.0: Extend
IContainer
- __contains__(item)¶
x.__contains__(item) <==> item in x
- __lt__(other)¶
x.__lt__(other) <==> x < other
- __le__(other)¶
x.__le__(other) <==> x <= other
- __eq__(other)¶
x.__eq__(other) <==> x == other
- __ne__(other)¶
x.__ne__(other) <==> x != other
- __gt__(other)¶
x.__gt__(other) <==> x > other
- __ge__(other)¶
x.__ge__(other) <==> x >= other
- __add__(other)¶
x.__add__(other) <==> x + other
- __mul__(n)¶
x.__mul__(n) <==> x * n
- __rmul__(n)¶
x.__rmul__(n) <==> n * x
- interface zope.interface.common.sequence.IExtendedReadSequence[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.sequence.IReadSequence
Full read interface for lists
- count(item)¶
Return number of occurrences of value
- index(item, *args)¶
index(value, [start, [stop]]) -> int
Return first index of value
- interface zope.interface.common.sequence.IUniqueMemberWriteSequence[source]¶
The write contract for a sequence that may enforce unique members
- __setitem__(index, item)¶
x.__setitem__(index, item) <==> x[index] = item
Declaring this interface does not specify whether
__setitem__
supports slice objects.
- __delitem__(index)¶
x.__delitem__(index) <==> del x[index]
Declaring this interface does not specify whether
__delitem__
supports slice objects.
- __iadd__(y)¶
x.__iadd__(y) <==> x += y
- append(item)¶
Append item to end
- insert(index, item)¶
Insert item before index
- pop(index=-1)¶
Remove and return item at index (default last)
- remove(item)¶
Remove first occurrence of value
- reverse()¶
Reverse IN PLACE
- sort(cmpfunc=None)¶
Stable sort IN PLACE;
cmpfunc(x, y)
-> -1, 0, 1
- extend(iterable)¶
Extend list by appending elements from the iterable
- interface zope.interface.common.sequence.IWriteSequence[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.sequence.IUniqueMemberWriteSequence
Full write contract for sequences
- __imul__(n)¶
x.__imul__(n) <==> x *= n
- interface zope.interface.common.sequence.ISequence[source]¶
Extends:
zope.interface.common.sequence.IReadSequence
,zope.interface.common.sequence.IWriteSequence
Full sequence contract.
New code should prefer
IMutableSequence
.Compared to that interface, which is implemented by
list
(IList
), among others, this interface is missing the following methods:clear
count
index
This interface adds the following methods:
sort